Jagora ga Tsarin JSON
Kafin mu shiga JSON Schema, yana da mahimmanci mu san bambanci tsakanin JSON da JSON Schema.
JSON
JSON gajere ne don Bayanin Abun JavaScript, kuma tsarin bayanai ne mai zaman kansa wanda APIs ke amfani da shi don aika buƙatu da amsoshi. JSON mai sauƙi ne don karantawa da rubutawa ga mutane da injuna iri ɗaya. JSON tsari ne na tushen rubutu wanda ba a ɗaure shi da harshe (Harshe mai zaman kansa).
JSON tsarin
JSON Schema kayan aiki ne mai amfani don tabbatar da tsarin bayanan JSON. Don tantance tsarin JSON, yi amfani da tsarin tushen JSON. Manufarta ita ce don tabbatar da cewa bayanan JSON sun karbu. Ana iya siffanta yarjejeniyar bayanan JSON na aikace-aikacen mu ta amfani da tsari.
Akwai manyan sassa uku zuwa ƙayyadaddun tsarin JSON:
JSON Hyper-Schema:
JSON Hyper-Schema shine yaren Tsarin JSON wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don yiwa takardun JSON lakabi tare da manyan hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa da umarni don aiki da canza albarkatun JSON na waje ta hanyar rubutu - tushen mahalli kamar HTTP. Danna nan don ƙarin koyo game da JSON Hyper-Schema.
Tsarin Tsarin JSON:
Tsari ne na ƙa'idodi don yiwa alama da tabbatar da takaddun JSON.
Tsarin Tsarin JSON:
- Yana bayyana tsarin bayanan da kuke da shi a halin yanzu.
- Yana tabbatar da bayanan da za a iya amfani da su a gwaji ta atomatik.
- Tabbatar da daidaiton bayanan da abokan ciniki suka bayar.
- Yana ba da takaddun karantawa ga mutane da injina.
Tabbatar da Tsarin JSON:
Tabbatarwa akan JSON Schema yana sanya iyaka akan tsarin bayanan misali. Bayan haka, duk wani keywords da rashin tabbatarwa bayanai, kamar bayanan metadata da alamun amfani, ana ƙara su zuwa matsayin misali wanda ya dace da duk ƙayyadaddun ƙuntatawa.
Newtonsoft's JSON Schema Validator kayan aiki kayan aiki ne da zaku iya amfani da su kai tsaye a cikin burauzar ku, kyauta. Kuna iya amfani da wannan kayan aikin don gwada tsarin makircin ku na JSON. Wannan shafin ya ƙunshi sarrafawa da bayani don farawa. Ta wannan hanyar, yana da sauƙi don ganin yadda ake inganta tsarin ku na JSON.
Za mu iya bincika Abun JSON namu ta amfani da Kayan Aikin Tabbatar da Tsarin JSON:
Muna da ingancin shekarun (mafi ƙarancin = 20 da matsakaicin = 40) kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin adadi na sama. Ba a sami kurakurai ba.
Ya nuna kuskure idan an shigar da ingancin shekarun ba daidai ba.
Ƙirƙirar Tsarin JSON
Bari mu kalli misalin JSON Schema don ganin abin da muke magana akai. Ainihin Abun JSON da ke kwatanta kundin samfur kamar haka:
Za a iya rubuta Tsarin JSON ta kamar haka:
Tsarin JSON takaddun JSON ne, kuma wannan takaddar dole ne ta zama abu. Mahimman kalmomi mambobi ne/halayen da aka ƙayyade ta JSON Schema. "Keywords" a cikin JSON Schema suna nufin ɓangaren "maɓalli" na haɗin maɓalli/daraja a cikin abu. Rubutun Tsarin JSON ya ƙunshi taswirar taswirar “keyword” ta musamman zuwa ƙima a cikin wani abu ga mafi yawan sashi.
Bari mu kalli kalmomin da muka yi amfani da su a misalinmu:
Tsarin JSON wanda tsarin tsarin albarkatun ya bi shi an rubuta shi ta wannan sifa. An rubuta wannan tsari ta bin ƙa'idodin v4, kamar yadda aka ƙayyade ta "$ tsari” keyword. Wannan yana hana makircin ku komawa baya zuwa sigar yanzu, wanda maiyuwa ko bazai dace da tsofaffi ba.
The"suna"Da kuma"description” keywords ne kawai bayani; ba sa sanya wani iyakancewa akan bayanan da ake dubawa. Waɗannan kalmomi guda biyu suna bayyana manufar makirci: yana bayyana samfur.
The"type” keyword yana bayyana yanayin iyakokin farko na bayanan JSON; dole ne ya zama JSON Abun. Idan ba mu saita nau'in don duk tsare-tsare ba, lambar ba za ta yi aiki ba. Wasu nau'ikan gama gari sune "lamba" "Boolean" "Integer" "null" "abu" "array" "string".
JSON Schema yana samun tallafi daga ɗakunan karatu masu zuwa:
Harshe | library |
C | WJElement |
Python | jschon |
PHP | Opis Json Schema |
JavaScript | ajv |
Go | gojsonschema |
Kotlin | Mai tabbatarwa Media |
Ruby | JSONSchemer |
JSON (Syntax)
Bari mu ɗan kalli ainihin ma'anar JSON. JSON syntax shine juzu'in rubutun JavaScript wanda ya haɗa da abubuwa masu zuwa:
- Ana amfani da nau'i-nau'i suna / ƙima waɗanda ke wakiltar bayanai.
- Ana gudanar da abubuwa a cikin takalmin gyaran kafa, kuma kowane suna ana jagorantar su ta hanyar ':' (colon), tare da nau'i-nau'i masu ƙima da aka raba da "," ( waƙafi).
- An raba dabi'u da "," (wakafi) kuma ana gudanar da tsararraki a madaidaitan ma'auni.
JSON yana tallafawa tsarin bayanai guda biyu masu zuwa:
- Jerin ƙimar da aka ba da oda: Yana iya zama jeri, jeri, ko vector.
- Tarin suna/ƙimar nau'i-nau'i: Harsuna daban-daban na kwamfuta suna goyan bayan wannan Tsarin Bayanai.
JSON (Abu)
Tsarin JSON abu ne na JSON wanda ke zayyana nau'i da tsarin wani abu na JSON daban. Kalmomin abu JavaScript na iya wakiltar abu JSON a cikin mahallin lokacin aiki na JavaScript. Wasu misalan ingantattun abubuwan makirci sune kamar haka:
Tsarin | Karawa |
{} | kowace daraja |
{nau'in: 'abu'} | abu JavaScript |
{nau'in: 'lamba'} | lambar JavaScript |
{nau'in: 'string'} | a JavaScript string |
Misali:
Yin sabon abu mara komai:
var JSON_Obj = {};
Sabuwar Abun Ƙirƙirar:
var JSON_Obj = sabon abu()
JSON (kwatanta da XML)
JSON da XML tsari ne masu zaman kansu na harshe da mutum zai iya karantawa. A cikin al'amuran duniya na gaske, duka biyun suna iya ƙirƙira, karantawa, da yanke lamba. Dangane da ma'auni masu zuwa, za mu iya kwatanta JSON da XML.
Hadaddiyar
Saboda XML ya fi JSON hadaddun, masu shirye-shirye sun fi son JSON.
Amfani da Arrays
Ana amfani da XML don bayyana bayanan da aka tsara; duk da haka, XML baya goyan bayan tsararraki, amma JSON yana yi.
Parshe
Ana fassara JSON ta amfani da aikin eval na JavaScript. eval yana dawo da abin da aka siffanta lokacin amfani da JSON.
Example:
JSON | XML |
{ "kamfanin": Ferrari, "suna": "GTS", "Farashin": 404000 } |
Ferrari
GTS
404000
|
Amfanin Tsarin Tsarin JSON
An ƙera JSON don karkata a cikin yaren ɗan adam- da na'ura mai iya karantawa. Duk da haka, ba tare da gyare-gyare mai kyau ba, ba zai iya zama ba. JSON Schema yana da fa'idar sanya JSON ƙarin fahimta ga injina da mutane.
Amfani da JSON Schema kuma yana kawar da buƙatun sabuntawa-gefen abokin ciniki da yawa. Yin jerin lambobin HTML na gama gari sannan aiwatar da su a gefen abokin ciniki hanya ce ta al'ada amma mara inganci don gina gefen abokin ciniki. API apps. Koyaya, wannan ba shine mafi girman dabara ba saboda canje-canje a gefen uwar garken na iya haifar da wasu ayyuka na rashin aiki.
Babban fa'idar JSON Schema shine dacewarsa tare da harsunan shirye-shirye iri-iri, da daidaito da daidaiton inganci.
Tsarin JSON yana goyan bayan kewayon masu bincike da Tsarukan aiki da, don haka apps da aka rubuta a cikin JSON ba sa yin ƙoƙarce-ƙoƙarce don sa su dace da mai binciken. Yayin haɓakawa, masu haɓakawa suna yin la'akari da masu bincike da yawa, kodayake JSON ya riga ya sami damar.
JSON ita ce hanya mafi inganci don raba bayanai na kowane girman, gami da sauti, bidiyo, da sauran kafofin watsa labarai. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa JSON tana adana bayanai a cikin tsararraki, wanda ke sa watsa bayanai cikin sauƙi. Sakamakon haka, JSON shine mafi kyawun tsarin fayil don APIs na kan layi da haɓakawa.
Yayin da APIs ke haɓaka gama gari, yana da ma'ana a ɗauka cewa ingancin API da gwaji zai ƙara zama mahimmanci. Hakanan yana da kyau a tsammanin cewa JSON ba zai yiwu ya sami sauƙi ba yayin da lokaci ke ci gaba. Wannan yana nuna cewa samun tsari don bayananku zai ƙara girma ne kawai yayin da lokaci ke tafiya. Saboda JSON shine daidaitaccen tsarin fayil don aiki tare da APIs, JSON Schema shine kyakkyawan madadin waɗanda ke aiki tare da APIs.
